Vocational education and training - VET

Abstract:
In this paper, we show the causal influence of the launch of generative AI in the form of ChatGPT on the search behavior of young people for apprenticeship vacancies. There is a strong and long-lasting decline in the intensity of searches for vacancies, which suggests great uncertainty among the affected cohort. Analyses based on the classification of occupations according to tasks, type of cognitive requirements, and the expected risk of automation to date show significant differences in the extent to which specific occupations are affected. Occupations with a high proportion of cognitive tasks, with high demands on language skills, and those whose automation risk had previously been assessed by experts as lower are significantly more affected by the decline. However, no differences can be found with regard to the proportion of routine vs. non-routine tasks.

hatGPT, which stands for Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer, is a text-generating AI chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched on November 30, 2022. This briefing examines the influence of ChatGPT usage on organizations and workers.

Which roles are most impacted by using ChatGPT and which are the least impacted? For which skill does generative AI have the largest organizational implications? Are there concerns about ChatGPT’s safety and security and, if so, how should they be addressed?

Read the issue briefing to get our full analysis.

ChatGPT is a natural language processing tool driven by artificial intelligence (AI) technology that allows you to have human-like conversations and much more with a chatbot. The language model can answer questions, and help you with tasks such as composing emails, essays, and code.

ChatGPT takes online writing tools such as QuillBot to the next level—or the next few levels—by leveraging the knowledge stored on the internet to respond to queries and requests.

ChatGPT is designed to simulate human-like responses to text-based communication.

It is built on an architecture that mimics the human brain called the GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) model. The GPT architecture allows ChatGPT to generate natural language text that is highly coherent and contextually appropriate.

ChatGPT uses a large database of written text, such as books, articles, and websites, that it has been pre-trained on. When a user inputs a message or question, ChatGPT uses this pre-trained knowledge to generate a response that it believes best answers the question or provides a relevant response to the message.

Empirical results in economics often stem from success in controlled experimental settings, but often fail when scaled up. This study presents a behavioral intervention and a scalable
equivalent aimed at reducing teacher shortages by motivating high school students to pursue an education degree. The intervention was delivered through WhatsApp chats by trained human promoters (humans arm) and rule-based Chatbots programmed to
closely replicate the humans program (bots arm). Results show that the humans arm successfully increased high-school students’ demand for and enrollment in education majors, particularly among high-performing students. The bots arm showed positive but smaller and statistically insignificant effects. These findings indicate that a relatively lowcost intervention can effectively reduce teacher shortages, but scaling up such interventions
may have limitations. Therefore, testing scalable solutions during the design stage of experiments is crucial.

So what is GPT-3 and how is it used to make ChatGPT? What is it able to do, and what in the world is a language processing AI model? Everything you need to know about OpenAI’s latest viral baby can be found below.

The question before us is how we can productively use ChatGPT to help our students become knowledge transformers?  A writer, a teacher, and an education professor all suggest an analogy from the calculator and math to ChatGPT and writing. In the same way that calculators became an important tool for students in math classes, ChatGPT has potential to become an important tool for writers who want to hone their critical thinking skills along with their communication skills. How might this happen? Educators are responding with valuable approaches. Adam Stevens, a high school history teacher in New York City who opposes his district’s decision to block ChatGPT, sees it as a valuable tool to promote—not limit—critical thinking. Students can evaluate the program’s initial response to a prompt, then consider how to improve it through revision. Other teachers quoted in a recent report on ChatGPT for Ed Week advocate for a similar approach and using the program to focus on the writing process. In higher education, we can openly let our students use ChatGPT for their class assignments, as well, and even use the bot in class to generate a first draft. Students can then learn how to move beyond the first draft to make their essays better. This is precisely the method that the first author will adopt at the start of her class after winter break.

ChatGPT, which stands for Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer, is a text-generating AI chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched on November 30, 2022. This briefing examines the influence of ChatGPT usage on organizations and workers.

Which roles are most impacted by using ChatGPT and which are the least impacted? For which skill does generative AI have the largest organizational implications? Are there concerns about ChatGPT’s safety and security and, if so, how should they be addressed?

Read the issue briefing to get our full analysis.


Contents
Key findings
Introduction
ChatGPT has the largest implications for roles using writing and programming skills
STEM and knowledge workers are likely to be the most impacted
Organizational implications
Appendix A—Bibliography

When artificial intelligence went mainstream with the public release of ChatGPT in November 2022, it immediately sent ripples through the world of education. Concerns about equity in AI, data privacy, and how to teach ethical AI skills became heated topics at faculty meetings and in classrooms. Two things have become clear: This technology is already transforming education—and people have many questions.

Science Friday hosted a virtual conversation with experts in AI and education in October 2023 to understand the potential AI holds for education and some of the pitfalls to be confronted as it comes to schools across the country. While the path forward may be challenging and occasionally confusing, our guests suggest that by allowing students to lead and guiding them to use AI responsibly, education stands to benefit from innovative tools that will, no doubt, change our world. Here, we recap some of the ideas and insights that came out of that conversation.

In the second part of their series looking at 100 ways to use ChatGPT in higher education, Seb Dianati and Suman Laudari share 25 prompts for such AI tools to assist with teaching and assessment

To get an effective end product, craft well-structured and contextually relevant prompts that will yield accurate and valuable outputs from ChatGPT. By following these guidelines, users can enhance the model’s performance and achieve more meaningful interactions, tailored to their unique needs and applications.  

Be clear and specific: Write prompts and questions that are clear and straightforward.  
Use context: Provide relevant context for the prompt or question to guide ChatGPT’s response. Include necessary background information to help the technology understand the context better. 
Provide examples: If necessary, include examples to illustrate the desired response format or clarify the type of content you expect from ChatGPT. 
Test and evaluate: Conduct testing and evaluation to assess the technology’s performance and suitability for your specific use case. Adjust prompts and fine-tune as necessary. 
Comply with ethical guidelines: Ensure that your use of ChatGPT adheres to ethical guidelines and policies set by the platform or service provider. 

Candidates are already using tools such as ChatGPT to write cover letters and CVs. But it’s just a small piece of how AI is transforming hiring processes.